HEIDEGGER: la decapitación de la fenomenología y el totalitarismo nazi

Abstract

Beyond the biographical controversy raised in the past by Victor Farías, the aim of this work is to insist on the deep relationship between Ontology and Politics in Heidegger'ʹs work. In this regard some significant texts are recovered, including the fragment of a lecture he gave as Rector at the Institute of Pathology in the University of Freiburg, in late 1933, which is finally translated and interpreted in the context of Sein und Zeit. Taking as a guideline the hypothesis that totalitarianism in general cannot be philosophically justified, if it has not been previously deleted the subjectivity of the consciousness which bases, in turn, the individual autonomy, it is necessary to separate from the epistemological break practiced by the traditional hermeneutics. In the extremely un-‐‑modern, and inhumane, instance of Nazi totalitarianism we must be more precise: racism is the means by which one’s subjectivity, that which is also coined internationally as one’s “conscience intentions” or simply “consciousness,” can end up being done away with in honour of the authentic historical subjectivity of German people. The Nazism and the "ʺthinking"ʺ (Denken) of Heidegger had the same a priori existential-‐‑national: the end of philosophy, its destruction as essential part of the return.